IELTS graph vocabulary

1. Verbs for Describing Trends:
   • Increase
   • Decrease
   • Rise
   • Fall
   • Climb
   • Drop
   • Fluctuate
   • Plateau
   • Soar
   • Plummet
2. Adjectives for Describing Trends:
   • Steady
   • Gradual
   • Sharp
   • Substantial
   • Slight
   • Dramatic
   • Consistent
   • Rapid
   • Marginal
   • Significant
3. Nouns for Describing Trends:
   • Growth
   • Decline
   • Spike
   • Downturn
   • Upsurge
   • Peak
   • Trough
   • Fluctuation
   • Momentum
   • Stagnation
4. Comparative Language:
   • Compared to
   • In contrast to
   • Similarly
   • Likewise
   • By comparison
   • In a similar vein
   • Conversely
   • On the contrary
   • Contrarily
   • Correspondingly
5. Expressions for Emphasizing:
   • Notably
   • Significantly
   • Markedly
   • Noticeably
   • Considerably
   • Substantially
   • Clearly
   • Remarkably
   • Evidently
   • Undoubtedly
6. Phrases for Summarizing Data:
   • Overall, it can be seen that…
   • In summary, …
   • To sum up, …
   • As the data indicates, …
   • Looking at the overall picture, …
   • In general, …
   • To conclude, …
   • Taken as a whole, …
7. Describing Peaks and Valleys:
   • Reaching a peak
   • Attaining a trough
   • Reaching a high point
   • Hitting a low point
   • Climbing to a zenith
   • Falling to a nadir
8. Patterns and Relationships:
   • Correlate
   • Correlation
   • Direct relationship
   • Inversely proportional
   • Linear relationship
   • Nonlinear relationship
   • Positive correlation
   • Negative correlation
   • Exponential growth
   • Logarithmic decline
9. Quantifying Data:
   • Percentage
   • Proportion
   • Fraction
   • Ratio
   • Per capita
   • Per annum
   • Per unit
   • Per capita
   • Relative to
   • Absolute numbers
10. Language for Trends Over Time:
    • Over the years
    • Over the decades
    • Across the centuries
    • Throughout the period
    • From (year) to (year)
    • Year-on-year
    • Decade-by-decade
    • Across the timeline

Using a variety of these words and phrases can enhance the precision and richness of your description when writing about graphs in the IELTS exam.